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Les sentiments

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What is it?

Feelings are adjectives and therefore they need to agree in gender and in number with the subject of your sentence. Like in English, adjectives are used with a conjugated form of the verb “être” (to be).

 

How to use them?

Like in English, feelings can be followed by connective words or prepositions to form sentences. The connective words or prepositions can be followed by, a proper noun, a pronoun, a possessive adjective and a noun, an article and a noun or an infinitive verb depending on what you want to say. More prepositions or connective words than the ones listed can be used and more adjectives describing feelings can also be used.

For example:
Je suis content(e) pour Paul → I am happy for Paul.

Joy
French English
Être content To be happy
Être heureux To be happy
Être confiant To be confident
Être chanceux To be lucky
Être enchanté To be delighted
Être passionné To be passionate

Some rules for “joy”

Connectives

The feelings here can be followed by some connectives words like: “pour” (for), “parce que” (because of), “par” (by) and “de” (of).

For example:
Je suis content parce que c’est vendredi → I am happy because it’s Friday.

The preposition “de”

Here “de” is most of the time followed by an infinitive verb, and it becomes “d’” in front of a vowel or “h”. Among other things, it can also be followed by an article and a noun, but in this case, remember to contract the article and “de” if needed.

For example:
Je suis chanceux d’aller à Paris → I am lucky to go to Paris.
Je suis content du résultat → I am happy by (of) the result.

 

Être passionné

“Être passionné”, can be followed by both “par” and “de”. After “par” we need to use a definite article. However, after “de” there is no need for one.

For example:
Je suis passionné par les voitures → I am passionate by (the) cars.
Je suis passionné de voitures → I am passionate by (of) cars.

Fear
French English
Avoir peur To be afraid
Être inquiet To be worried
Être angoissé To be anxious
Être timide To be shy

Some rules for “fear”

Connectives

The feelings here can be followed by some connectives words like: “pour” (for), “parce que” (because of), “à cause de” (because of) and “de” (of).

For example:
Je suis inquiet à cause de mon examen → I am worried because of my exam.

The preposition “de”

Here “de” is most of the time followed by an infinitive verb, and it becomes “d’” in front of a vowel or “h”. Among other things, it can also be followed by an article and a noun, but in this case, remember to contract the article and “de” if needed. It is the same for “à cause de”.

For example:
J’ai peur d’aller dans la forêt → I am afraid of going to the forest.
Elle a peur du chien → She is afraid of the dog.

 

Être timide

Most of the time, we will not give any justification for this feeling.

 

Avoir peur

“Avoir peur” is using the verb “avoir” (to have) and a noun. It functions like an adjective but it is not one strictly speaking.

Anger
French English
Être énervé To be upset
Être en colère To be angry
Être fâché To be cross
Être furieux To be furious
Être jaloux To be jealous

Some rules for “anger”

Connectives

The feelings here can be followed by some connectives words like: “contre” (against), “parce que” (because of), “à cause de” (because of), “avec” (with) and “de” (of).

For example:
Je suis faché avec Paul → I am cross with Paul.

The preposition “de”

Here “de” is most of the time followed by an infinitive verb, and it becomes “d’” in front of a vowel or “h”. Among other things, it can also be followed by an article and a noun, but in this case remember to contract the article and “de” if needed. It is the same for “à cause de”.

For example:
Je suis énervé à cause du résultat → I am upset because of the result.
Il est jaloux de l’homme → He is jealous of the man.  

 

Être en colère

Here “en” is compulsory and cannot be removed or changed.

Sadness
French English
Être triste To be sad
Être malheureux To be unhappy
Être désolé To be sorry
Être déçu To be disappointed
Être déprimé To be depressed
Être fatigué To be tired

Rule for “sadness”

Connectives

The feelings here can be followed by some connectives words like: “à cause de” (because of), “de” (of/about) and “parce que” (because).

For example:
Je suis désolé parce que je suis en retard → I am sorry because I’m late.

The preposition “de”

Here “de” is most of the time followed by an infinitive verb, and it becomes “d’” in front of a vowel or “h”. Among other things, it can also be followed by an article and a noun, but in this case remember to contract the article and “de” if needed. It is the same for “à cause de”.

For example:
Je suis triste à cause du résultat → I am sad because of the result.
Je suis fatigué à cause du travail → I am tired because of work.

More in the books

Werther you are learning by yourself, with Anais and Co or if you are a FLE teacher find this lesson and many more in a beautiful book.

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